一、情态动词的定义:
情态动词有词义,但它不能单独作谓语,它必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。情 态动词没有人称和数的变化;它的后面必须跟动词原形。
二、情态动词的种类:
情态动词 | 词义 | 否定形式 | 词义 |
can | 能够,会 | can’t | 不能,不会 |
could | 能够,会 | couldn’t | 不能,不会 |
may | 可以 | – | – |
must | 必须 | mustn’t | 不允许,不能 |
shall | 将,要 | – | – |
should | 应该 | shouldn’t | 不应该 |
need | 需要 | needn’t | 不必 |
would | 将会,愿 | wouldn’t | 不会,不愿 |
三、情态动词的用法及主要句型:
1、Can I help you? ——Yes, please. / No, thanks.
2、Can + 主语 + 动词原形? Yes, ~ can. No, ~ can’t.
3、Can I borrow your book?—-Yes,of course.
4、Can I write on the book? ——No, you can’t\mustn’t.
5、Could \Can you help me?—- Yes,of course.\Certainly.\ Sure.
6、Could \Can you tell me the way to the Zoo?
7、May I come in ?—– Come in, please.
8、May I sit here?—– Yes, please.\Sorry, please don’t.
9、May I have some Coke?—- Yes, of course.
10、May/ Could / Can I speak to Tom? —–Speaking. Who’s calling?
11、should 、shouldn’t 表示劝告:1) He should get up early. 2) She shouldn’t play computer game too much.
12、Should +主语 +动词原形? Yes, ~ should.\ No, ~ shouldn’t.
13、表示建议“你愿意…吗” Would you like to go shopping with me? —–Yes, I’d love to. /I’d love to. But I’m busy now.
14、就餐用语 Would you like something to eat\drink? —-Yes, I’d like…
15、shall 用于第一人称(I, we), 可以表示“将”和表示建议 “……好吗?” 1) Where shall we have dinner? 2) Shall we go fishing? —–All right. \OK. \Good idea.
16、Must + 主语 + 动词原形? —Yes,~ must.\No, ~ needn’t.